Diskretne strukture
Osnutek odseka
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Predavanja: Matematična indukcija. Izjave, izjavni vezniki.
Lectures: Mathematical induction (pages 5-7); Introduction into propositional logic: atoms, logical connectives, logical formulas, truth tables, equivalence of formulas (pages 95-99).
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Predavanja: Izjavni izrazi, resničnostna tabela, enakovredni izjavni izrazi. Zakoni izjavnega računa. DNO in KNO. Polni nabori izjavnih veznikov.
Lectures: Laws of propositional logic (pages 11-15); Disjunctive and conjuctive normal form (pages 4-6); Functionally complete sets of connectives
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Predavanja: Sklepanje v izjavnem računu. Formalizacija sklepov, definicija pravilnega sklepa, pravila sklepanja, dokaz pravilnosti sklepa. Pomožni sklepi - pogojni sklep, sklep s protislovjem, analiza primerov.
Lectures: Logical inference - formalization, rules of inferece, derivation of rules (pages 100-104). Proof by contradiction (section 8 - on this link you can freely download the book), proof by conditional derivation (section 6.2), proof by cases (explained at the bottom of section 3.2).
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Predikatni račun - jezik predikatnega računa, izjavne formule. Doseg kvantifikatorjev, proste in vezane spremenljivke. Interpretacija izjavne formule, enakovrednost izjavnih formul, preimenovanje spremenljivk, zakoni predikatnega računa,
Predicate logic: predicates; universe of discourse, universal and existential quantifier. (link) Scope of quantifiers. Free and bound variables. Well-formed formulas. Interpretation of formulas, equivalence of formulas. Laws of predicate calculus.
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